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題名 | Mark Twain's Humanism Behind His Humor=馬克吐溫幽默中的人本思想 |
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作者 | 陳浚錫; Chen, Jung-yang; |
期刊 | 美和技術學院學報 |
出版日期 | 20020900 |
卷期 | 21 2002.09[民91.09] |
頁次 | 頁236-245 |
分類號 | 874 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 人文思想; 理想主義; 現實主義; Humanism; Idealism; Realism; |
中文摘要 | 綜觀馬克吐溫之所以要透過一個小男孩去述說,乃是因為小孩的眼光較容易看出來十八世紀聖經文化迂腐之破綻,而提供其觀察所得,所下之針砭,才比較簡明且冷靜超然近乎理想。生為人類他對那麼滑頭滑腦,詭譎多變與反覆無常的人性感到十分震驚,但他所邂逅的各色各樣的人卻多那麼善良,虔誠不貳,深具人性,令人唏?,也令他內心感到極為不安,那應是理想與現實,幻想與實際之衝突的結果吧。 在他的書中,馬克吐溫攻訐所有的角色人物,而稱他們為一丘之貉全是該死的人類;或喻為無知無心,或喻為殘酷無情。其嘲諷的對象無人能倖免,其嘲諷的背後卻蘊含著人本思想。他對人與神的看法暗晦不彰, 然而他不朽的懷疑論卻緊抱著現實性。在貶抑眾議的同時,卻不斷關懷真理的消長。他對於其故鄉密士西比河谷的社會所存在的雙重人權標準,此為美國民主政治的依歸,韃伐不斷。晉而言之,其貶抑韃伐應是對全人類罪行的審判。 |
英文摘要 | All in all, Mark Twain wanted us to see as he sees with the eyes of a boy the corrupted biblical culture of the nineteenth century so that the ideal therapy offered by the boy's points of view might be terse and detached. As a person, Mark Twain was shocked at the sleekness, craftiness, and flightiness of human nature, but all classes of people he had encountered were so good, so devout, and so painfully human that he had gotten a neurotic temperament-he was almost neurotic about the conflict between idealism and realism, fantasy and reality. In his books, Mark Twain attacks all human beings by calling them "the damned human race." Few characters escape his satire; for most are portrayed as ignorant, cruel, or both. His mercilessly attacking on all troupe of characters he has made is famous as Mark Twain's humor behind which is his humanism. His ideas about man and God, implicit as they are, his prevailing one of skepticism clings to the reality and emphasizes his persistent concern with the truth in defiance of the public opinion. His sarcasm about the double standard human rights of the society in the Mississippi valley upon which the American democracy is based, in a broader sense, is the verdict of humanity in general. |
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