查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 法國法官選拔暨追究責任制度,對法國法官與檢察官素質之探討=Le rôle du recrutement et des systèmes de mise en cause de la responsabilité dans la qualité des juges et des procureurs |
---|---|
作者 | 李鎨澂; Vuelta-Simon, Samuel; Lee, Suen-cheng; Vuelta-Simon, Samuel; Vuelta-Simon, Samuel; |
期刊 | 法學叢刊 |
出版日期 | 20150400 |
卷期 | 60:2=238 2015.04[民104.04] |
頁次 | 頁121-137 |
分類號 | 589.6 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 法官職前訓練; 司法倫理彙編; 懲戒行為; 法國最高司法理事會; 法國司法總督察署; Initial formation of judge; Ethical collection concerning the judge; Disciplinary action; The High Council of the Judiciary of France; The General Inspectorate of Judicial Services of France; Formation initiale du juge; Le recueil déontologique; Action disciplinaire; Conseil supérieur de la magistrature; CSM; l'Inspection Générale des Services Judiciaires; |
中文摘要 | 金融危機後,司法作為國家體制之一環,應更加卓越;亦即司法必須在資源稀少之條件下,達到司法品質優良之目的。法國法官(包括審判工作之法官與檢察官,渠等與吾國相同,係一併招考,一同培訓與分發,並由總統任命。在法官生涯之中,法官與檢查官職位亦得以互調。)乃司法制度之核心,本篇論文即在探討法國法官之考選、培訓,以及司法倫理規則,與送懲戒之制度。 法國憲法規定,法國總統為司法機關獨立之保護人;而總統由「最高司法理事會」輔佐之。故而最高司法理事會,除編纂司法倫理彙編,作為法官倫理準則之外,尚負責提名普通法院系統之最高職位之4 百名法官;並對司法部長提名之檢察官,有提出贊同與反對意見之權,然此等意見,對司法部長並無拘束力。4 百名最高職位之法官之提名權,由最高司法理事會掌握,並由總統完成任命程序,即在協助總統,保護司法之獨立。最高司法理事會,亦負責對於違反法律,或司法倫理之法官,予以懲戒。 法國法官若在審理案件時,有發生應付懲戒之事由者,當事人得在審判程序結束之後,直接向最高司法理事會申訴,請求調查該名涉案法官。但此等申訴,僅得在程序結束之後為之;且不論調查、懲戒之後果為何,皆不得推翻原先涉案法官之判決。而法國司法總督察署,亦有權對法官進行調查,而後交付最高司法理事會懲戒。故而法國法官遭追究責任之制度,愈形多元,法國法官責任亦愈重,司法品質即得愈高。 |
英文摘要 | The French Republic is one of the states whose judges and prosecutors are selected and recruited by written and oral exams. Then they are gathered in French National School for the Judiciary (École nationale de la Magistrature, ENM) for 31 months. During the period, the positions of judges and prosecutors could be exchanged. Such system is similar with that of the Republic of China (Taiwan). 80 % of French judges are chosen from this exam and formation in the School ENM. The other 20 % are chosen from professionals mastering the theory and practice of law (such as professors, judicial counselors in enterprises, and etc.). After global financial crisis, France is more conscious about amelioration of her judicial system. This article presents the system concerning the examination and formation of judges, the obligation of judges as citizens, as functionaries, and as magistrates. In addition, according to the French Constitution, the president of the Republic is the guarantor of the independence of judicial authority assisted by the High Council of Judiciary. This High Council is responsible for editing an ethical collection regulating the judges, and is in charge of disciplinary sanction towards the judges who break the ethical rules. Meanwhile, the High Council propose 400 judges of the highest position of the court while giving “favorable” or “unfavorable” opinions about the prosecutors nominated by the Minister of Justice, though their opinions are not compulsory. The proposal of the 400 judges and prosecutors of France is then escalated to the president of French Republic for nomination. Finally, if a judge is considered violating the juridical or ethical rules, he/she could be investigated by High Council of Judiciary after the legal process is finalized. However, the decision of the High Council does not supersede that made by the original judge. On the other hand, the General Inspectorate of Judicial Services of France has the right to pursue the judges for the High Council of Judiciary to take disciplinary actions. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。