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題名 | Effects of Constituent Orders on Functional Extension Patterns of the Verbs for 'Give': A Contrastive Study of Thai and Mandarin Chinese=動詞「給」在功能性延展中對於組合詞排列順序的影響:泰語與華語的比較研究 |
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作者 | 上原聡; Thepkanjana, Kingkarn; Uehara, Satoshi; Thepkanjana, Kingkarn; |
期刊 | 語言暨語言學 |
出版日期 | 20150100 |
卷期 | 16:1 2015.01[民104.01] |
頁次 | 頁43-68 |
分類號 | 801.4 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 語法化; 語序; 動詞給; 泰語; 華語; Chinese; Grammaticalization; Thai; Verb to give; Word order; |
中文摘要 | 泰語為修飾詞後置,華語為前置。本研究探討泰語hây與華語gěi在功能性延展中的不同。觀察發現:一、hây可連接子句,gěi不可。二、gěi可標示被動,hây不可。三、gěi標示的與格置於動詞前或後,hây置於動詞後。四、北京語料庫中gěi標示的與格置於動詞前。五、gěi標示的受益格置於動詞前。六、gěi標示的使役與被動結構一致。七、hây常被用於標示使役,gěi不常。研究顯示,泰語的修飾詞後置與功能性延展語素置於動詞後相關,而華語與置於動詞前相關。 |
英文摘要 | It is generally known that Thai and Mandarin Chinese are typologically different in that Thai has the headmodifier constituent order whereas Mandarin Chinese has the modifier-head one. This paper aims to investigate how different constituent orders of the head vis-a-vis the modifier and vis-a-vis the complement in Thai and Mandarin Chinese bear on patterns of functional extension of the verbs meaning ‘give’ in the two languages, namely, hây in Thai and gěi in Mandarin Chinese. Some observations can be made regarding the functional extension patterns of hây and gěi as follows: (a) the clause connector use is possible for hây but lacking for gěi; (b) the passive-marking use is possible for gěi but lacking for hây; (c) the gěi-marked dative PP can occur both preverbally and postverbally, whereas the hây-marked one can occur only postverbally; (d) only the preverbal gě i-marked dative PPs are attested in a Beijing Mandarin speech corpus; (e) the gě i- marked benefactive PP can occur only preverbally; (f) the structural schemas of the causative and the passive gě i are identical; and (g) the causative use of hây is productive but that of gěi is not. It is argued that the head-modifier order in Thai seems to correspond with postverbal functionally extended morphemes prevalent in the language. On the other hand, the modifier-head order in Mandarin Chinese seems to correspond with preverbal functionally extended ones prevalent in the language. |
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