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題 名 | Zika Virus Infection: An Emerging Mosquito-Borne Disease Threatening Global Health=茲卡病毒感染:正威脅著全球健康的新興蚊媒疾病 |
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作 者 | 艾維亞; 嵇達德; | 書刊名 | 疫情報導 |
卷 期 | 32:18 2016.09.20[民105.09.20] |
頁 次 | 頁391+139-146 |
分類號 | 412.729 |
關鍵詞 | 茲卡病毒感染; 蚊媒疾病; 登革熱; 屈公病; 小腦症; 伊蚊; Zika virus infection; Mosquito-borne disease; Dengue; Chikungunya; Microcephaly; Aedes; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 茲卡病毒是黃病毒科的蟲媒病毒,包含亞洲和非洲兩種病毒株,大部分是經由伊蚊屬蚊所傳播。該病毒於1940年代期間,在猴子身上首次發現。直到2007年尚未在非洲以外的地區檢測出,感染者的特徵是具有快速恢復和零傷亡的輕症感染。其臨床表現伴隨皮疹,肌肉痛,關節痛和頭痛,非常類似登革熱和屈公病。自2013年茲卡病毒在法屬波利尼西亞爆發後,該病毒已持續傳播,並拓展到其他大陸,在2015年已到達美洲大陸。巴西是第一個茲卡病毒確診的美洲國家。由於小腦症病例多在病毒感染率最高的地區中增加,茲卡病毒已被認為是造成此一先天畸形的原因,並可能導致其他如Guillain-Barré syndrome等神經系統併發症。茲卡病毒感染的實驗室診斷,主要依賴檢測血液樣本中的病毒RNA或特異性抗體。目前這個疾病沒有疫苗或特定藥物可預防或治療。茲卡病毒感染症現在幾乎已在所有的美洲國家中發現,臺灣也已經發現第一例境外移入病例,正將成為有相同病媒蚊的登革熱和屈公病流行熱帶國家的額外負擔。除非採取積極行動以及早控制,茲卡病毒很可能將繼續傳播和影響全世界數百萬人的健康。 |
英文摘要 | Zika virus is an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family consisting of two strains, Asian and African, and is transmitted mostly by Aedes mosquitoes. It was first discovered in a monkey during the 1940s. Until 2007 the virus had not been detected outside Africa and Asia and it was characterized as a mild infection with fast recovery and no fatalities. Its clinical manifestations are similar to dengue fever and chikungunya fever as a fever with rash, myalgia, arthralgia and headache. But since the 2013 outbreak in French Polynesia, neurological complications following the disease were identified. The virus has continued to spread and has extended to Oceania and has now arrived at the American Continent in 2015. Brazil was the first country in the Americas where Zika virus was identified. Since an increase of cases of microcephaly was detected in areas with the highest virus infection rates, Zika virus has been thought to be the cause of this congenital malformation. Laboratory confirmation of Zika virus infection relies mostly on the detection of viral RNA or specific antibodies in blood samples. There are no vaccines or specific medication to prevent or treat this disease. Zika virus infection is present in almost all countries of America and the first imported case has already been detected in Taiwan in January 16, 2016 at Taoyuan International Airport. Zika virus infection is becoming an extra-burden to tropical countries that are already endemic for dengue and chikungunya which share the same mosquito vectors.Unless drastic actions are taken early to control the Zika virus infection, it is likely that the virus will keep spreading and affecting the health of millions of people worldwide. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。