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題名 | Salinomycin對紐西蘭白兔的毒性及人工混合感染兔腸型球蟲之藥效=Toxicity and Anticoccidal Activity of Salinomycin in New Zealand White Rabbits |
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作者 | 何素鵬; 何麗玲; 董光中; 王渭賢; Ho, Shu-peng; Ho, Lih-ling; Tung, Kwong-chung; Wang, Way-shyan; |
期刊 | 中華民國獸醫學會雜誌 |
出版日期 | 20000300 |
卷期 | 26:1 2000.03[民89.03] |
頁次 | 頁43-55 |
分類號 | 437.68 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 抗球蟲藥; 球蟲症; 紐西蘭白兔; 毒性; Anticoccidal drug; Coccidiosis; Rabbit; Salinomycin; Toxicity; |
中文摘要 | 本研究探討 Salinomycin 攜帶離子型抗生素使用在紐西蘭白兔(Orycotolagus cuniculus)感染腸型球蟲症有效且安全的劑量。毒性試驗結果顯示施用Salinomycin劑量20及40 mg/kg bw/day連續口服給予藥物36天,可導致飼料效率分別減少33.1及41.9(P<0.05),並引起肝細胞空泡化、心肌病變、腿肌細胞及腎小管玻璃樣變性等病變。藥物之處理亦可造成血清中,血清麩胺酸草酸醋酸轉氨酵素、乳酸去氫酵素、肌酵素、血中尿素氮及肌酸酐等數值之上升。20 mg/kg bw/day實驗組之死亡率為17%(1/6)。本研究結果發現 Salinomycin 最大安全劑量為 5 mg/kg bw/day。接種混合之腸型球蟲(Eimeria perforans、E. media、E. intestinalis及E. magna )芽孢(7×個芽孢化卵囊╱隻)前3天開始分別給予3、4.5及6 mg/kg bw/day劑量之Salinomycin(全程共給藥17天),藥效試驗結果顯示未給藥接種組之飼料效率減少 224 %, 而接種後最高卵囊排出量約為(1.0 ± 0.2)× 10�雁荂�每克糞材卵囊(oocyst per gram feces;O.P.G.),腸病變指數為15.3,死亡率為80%。然給藥Salinomycin 4.5 mg/kgbw/day接種組,增重增加3%,飼料消耗及飼料效率與未給藥未接種組相近,接種後最高卵囊排出量小於(5 ± 0.8)× 10�蘊荂�O.P.G.。因此4.5 mg/kg bw/day為Salinomycin預防兔腸型球蟲症的適當劑量。 |
英文摘要 | Toxicity and anticoccidial effects of salinomycin were studied in New Zealand white rabbit (Orycotolagus cuniculus). The results of the toxicity test revealed that rabbits fed with salinomycin at 20 and 40 mg/kg bw/day were found to have reduced feed conversion ratio by 33.1%, and 41.9%, respectively (P<0.05) during 36 trial days. The results of histological observations of the treated rabbits showed that vesicular degeneration of hepatocytes, myopathies, and hyaline degeneration of leg muscle fibers and renal tubules. Drug treatment resulted in elevations in biochemical blood parameters, such as the values of AST, LDH, CK, BUN, and creatinine. The mortality caused by salinomycin at 20 mg/kg bw/day was 17% (1/6). The no-observed-adverse-effect level of salinomycin in rabbits was found to be 5 mg/kg bw/day. Efficacy trial was performed by first giving each rabbit the drug for 3 days followed by challenging orally with 7 × 10�� sporulated oocysts of intestinal coccidia (Eimeria intestinalis, E. magna, E. media, and E. perforans) and then treating with the same drug for 14 days. The following doses of salinomycin: 3, 4.5, and 6 mg/kg bw/day; were administered to rabbits. In the efficacy trials, the feed conversion ratio in non-treated but infected group of rabbits was found to be 224% lower than that of the non-treated uninfected animals (control group). In addition to a lesion score of 15.3 and 80% (4/5) mortality. In infected but treated with salinomycin at 4.5 mg/kg bw/day group of animals a weight gain of 3% coupled with no differences in feed consumption and feed conversion was observed as compared with the control group. The average of weekly peak oocyst output of the treated group was (5 ± 0.8) 10 �� oocyst per gram feces (O.P.G.), while in the untreated infected group it was (1.0 ± 0.2) 106/O.P.G. Thus, salinomycin at 4.5 mg/kg bw/day was found to be safe and effective against the intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits. |
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