頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 坡地檳榔園對微氣候影響之研究=A Study of the Influence of Slopeland Betel-nut Plantations on Microclimate |
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作者 | 陸象豫; 劉瓊霦; 黃良鑫; 唐凱軍; Lu, Shiang-yue; Liu, Chiung-pin; Hwang, Liang-shin; Tang, Kai-jung; |
期刊 | 臺灣林業科學 |
出版日期 | 20020600 |
卷期 | 17:2 2002.06[民91.06] |
頁次 | 頁281-289 |
分類號 | 436.19 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 檳榔; 微氣候; 蓮華池; Betel nut; Microclimate; Lienhuachih; |
中文摘要 | 檳榔栽植面積在臺灣迅速增加,對低海拔山坡地環境與生態造成相當的衝擊,並 廣泛受到重視,相關單位已著手進行若干試驗研究。本研究藉著比較相同海拔高、相同坡向 的天然闊葉林及檳榔園之氣溫、相對濕度、土壤溫度等氣象記錄,探討林地變更為檳榔園後 對微氣候之影體,並進而分析此等差異是否會對集水區水質與區域氣候造成影響。本研究計 收集2000年1月至2001年l月連績約一年的有效記錄,獲知兩種不同林分林冠層上方氣溫及 離地表2 m處的林內氣溫無顯著差異,但地表5 cm處的土壤坪均溫度檳榔園高出闊葉林達 2.3 ℃,且具統計上的顯著差異。相對濕度方面變異甚大,林冠層檳榔園試區較高,但林內 相對濕度則反是,且其間差異均達1%的顯著水準,說明鬱蔽度對相對濕度具有相當大的影 響。地表溫度的差異主要係受太陽輻射的影響,晝間兩林分地表溫度差異具有統計上的意 義,晚間則否,但最低表土溫度檳榔園者仍較天然闊葉林者為高;而降雨對兩林分溫濕度的 影響均不顯著。此外蓮華池地區 1961 至 2000 年長期氣象記錄顯示,此一檳榔園擴植迅速 地區的春夏秋二季的平均溫度近年來有增加的現象,雖符合檳榔園與天然闊葉林溫濕度具顯 著差異。的試驗結果,但是否係導因於檳榔園的增加抑或全球溫室效應所致,則尚待進一步 探討。 |
英文摘要 | Rapid increases in betel-nut plantations in the 1980s and 1990s have significantly affected the environment and biological conditions of slopeland in Taiwan. Impacts of converting from forested land to betel-nut plantations on the environment are serious enough to have attracted much concern from government and environmental groups. A series of research on this topic has already been carried out. However, most of these researches were focused on problems of soil and water conservation associated with slopeland betel-nut plantations. In order to examine differences in microclimatic conditions between betel-nut plantations and natural hardwood forests, the average air temperature, relative humidity, earth temperature, solar radiation, and rainfall above and below the canopies of these 2 stands were continuously monitored. The available continuous records from January 2000 to January 2001 indicate that there are no differences between these 2 stands areas in temperatures above and below the canopy. However, the yearly average earth temperature (at 5-cm depth) of the betel-nut plantation was 2.3℃ higher than that of natural hardwood forest, which was significant at the 1% level. The multi-layered and denser canopy of natural hardwood forest stands consumes much solar energy by evapotranspiration and photosynthesis than does that of betel-nut stands. Therefore less energy is available for heating the soil which results in lower earth temperatures than found in betel-nut plantations. However, the difference is less significant during rainy days and at night. Relative humidity is strongly influenced by canopy cover. The transportation of moisture can be hindered under a heavy forest canopy which results in higher relative humidity. Statistical results indicate that relative humidity was significantly under-canopy conditions of natural hardwood stands, whereas above the canopy, it was not as high. In addition, the long-term weather records at Lienhuachih meteorological station of Taiwan Forest Research Institute also reveal that the annual average air temperature, especially for summer seasons, shows a tendency of increase after 1980. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of the rapid increase in betel-nut cultivation on climate changes in the Lienhuachih area. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。