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題名 | Salt Administration in Ch'ing China=清代鹽政的歷史地理 |
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作者 | 姜道章; Chiang, Tao-chang; |
期刊 | 華岡理科學報 |
出版日期 | 19980500 |
卷期 | 15 1998.05[民87.05] |
頁次 | 頁29-71 |
分類號 | 567.4 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 清代; 鹽政; |
中文摘要 | 鹽為吾人生活必需品之一,也是一商品,其在中國經濟和政治發展史上,扮演著一個重要角色。人不論貧富男女老少,都經常用鹽,故每年鹽的消費量,大致是可以預測的。鹽稅等於是變相的人頭稅,替政府提供了一個可靠的稅源。為了這種原因,在整個中國政治史中,鹽業一個都得到政治家和財政家的特別注意。在中國,鹽的專郝有悠久的歷史;到了清代,現成很複雜的鹽政體系。本文從歷史地理學的觀點研究清代的鹽政,討論下列六方面:(一)中國鹽政的演變,(二)鹽的銷售體系,(三)政府的控制,(四)鹽政的結構與功能,(五)引商所扮演的角色,(六)鹽場是管理單位。 |
英文摘要 | As a daily necessity for human life and also as a taxed commodity, salt has played an important part in the economic and political development of China. As salt is used regularly by all people, its annual consumption is largely predicable so that a tax on salt, as a disguised poll tax, provided the government with a reliable source of revenue. For this reason, it has drawn the special attention of statesmen and financiers throughout China's history. Thus, salt administration has been an important concern of the Chinese government. The public control of salt in china has had an eventful history that can be traced back to the very remote past. By the Ch'ing period, a complicated administrative system had evolved. This paper reconstructs the salt administration in Ch'ing China in its geographical context. It stresses six aspects: evolution of the of the salt administration, marketing systems, state monopoly, structure and function, role of the licensed salt merchants, and saltworks as an administration unit. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。