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| 題 名 | 臺灣中部茄園管理方式與薊馬種類發生之關係=Relationship between Crop Management and Thrips Composition and Their Occurrence on Eggplants in Central Taiwan |
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| 作 者 | 黃莉欣; 林美雀; 蘇文瀛; 陳秋男; | 書刊名 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
| 卷 期 | 48:4 民95.12 |
| 頁 次 | 頁281-295 |
| 分類號 | 433.3 |
| 關鍵詞 | 茄子; 薊馬科; 管尾薊馬科; 南黃薊馬; 化學防治; Eggplant; Thripidae; Phlaeothripidae; Thrips palmi; Chemical control; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 為瞭解茄園管理方式對薊馬種類及其族群變動之影響,在台灣中部選擇三處茄園加以調查。首先,為使取樣調查獲得一致性的結果,從茄葉中肋長與葉綠素的關係及田間葉片大小頻度分布,認為取樣調查茄葉上薊馬種類或密度時,將葉片區分為未展開葉 (< 10 cm) 及展開葉 (> 10 cm) 二層即可。根據茄園調查結果,在彰化縣永靖茄園發現8種植食性薊馬;台中縣大里茄園施藥區採集到10種,較不施藥區多3種。其中南黃薊馬(Thrips palmi Karny)、台灣花薊馬(Franklineilla intonsa (Trybom))、小黃薊馬(Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood)及管尾薊馬科的Haplothrips sp.為共同的種類,而南黃薊馬佔95%以上為最主要的種類。捕食性薊馬僅採集到印度食?薊馬(Scolothrips indicus Priesner)一種。由直線迴歸分析結果顯示,葉片上薊馬成蟲數對幼蟲數的變異具有99%以上的解釋能力,故葉片上的成蟲數可用來推估幼蟲數,以縮短計數時間且有利於防治時機的掌握。從茄子種植時間及薊馬族群變動之結果得知,茄子種植後1-1.5個月內南黃薊馬密度可達第一次高峰。從農民用藥記錄來看,在茄子種植初期均以葉?為主要防治對象,此舉對薊馬密度沒有明顯的壓制效果,導致薊馬密度逐漸攀升。建議茄子在種植一個月後即應加強注意薊馬密度的變化,以便適時施予防治措施。此結果也說明了多種害蟲同時為害下,若僅針對單一種害蟲來防治,將會顧此失彼,故兼顧多種害蟲的共同防治策略是值得重視的研究課題。 |
| 英文摘要 | We surveyed eggplant fields at three localities in central Taiwan in order to understand the effects of crop management on thrips composition as well as their population fluctuations. To facilitate consistent sampling technique, the length of leaf midrib, chlorophyll content and frequency of leaf size distribution were compared during eggplant growth. The result showed that the eggplant leaves could be categorized as spire (<10 cm) and expanded leaves (>10 cm) for thrips survey. The thrips species composition in eggplant fields in central Taiwan varied with localities and crop practices. Eight species of herbivorous thrips were collected from Yongjing, Changhwa; and 10 thrips species from the plot with pesticides application in Dali, Taichung, three species more than plot without pesticides application. Among them, Thrips palm, Franklinella intonsa, Scirtothrips dorsalis, and Haplothrips sp. were common species at the three localities, and T. palmi was a preponderant species in each locality. Scolothrips indicus was the only predatory thrips found. Adult thrips on leaf could account for more than 99% of variation of larval thrips on it. Hence, the adult thrips density on leaf could be used to estimate larval density so as to shorten the time of thrips count. The survey record indicated that T. palmi density could reach to first peak at about 1 to 1.5 months after planting. Records also showed that pest mites were the major control target in early crop growing stage. This control did not suppress thrips density. It is, therefore, recommend that farmers pay attention to the T. palmi density a month after eggplant planting in order to make timely thrips control, and that when multiple pests simultaneously appear on a crop, a control strategy for multiple pests should be developed. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。