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題名 | Maitreya: From World-Renouncer to World-Conqueror. An Investigation on the Conception of Sacred Order in Ancient India and Confucian China=古代印度與儒家的神聖秩序觀:以彌勒思想的救世觀之轉變為例 |
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作者 | 黃柏棋; Huang, Pochi; |
期刊 | 世界宗教學刊 |
出版日期 | 20050600 |
卷期 | 5 民94.06 |
頁次 | 頁1-58 |
分類號 | 220.92 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 彌多羅婆樓那; 彌勒; 王權; 轉輪王; 革命; Mitrāvarunau; Maitreya; Kingship; Cakkavattin; Revolution; |
中文摘要 | The essay explores the conceptin of sacred order in ancient India and Confucian China. Using early Indian religious history and Confucianism as points of reference, it scrutinizes the difference between ancient India and China in terms of the primacy of human order. Maitreya in China is provided as a case study to illustrate how Chinese culture transformed original Indian religious message into a political persuasion. On the Indian side, the expression Mitr□varu□au in □g Veda and Br□hma□as is employed to explicate the evolution on the conception of sacred order in the Vedic period. The relationship between religious order and political order as described in the Nik□ya texts is then discussed. It is concluded that religious order is regarded as sacred within early Indian intellectual context. On the Chinese side, Confucian ideal of sage-king and revolution depicted in the Mencius is taken up to elucidate the Confucian idea of sacred order. In contrast with India, the primacy of the political order is clearly a Confucian concern. In the last part of this essay, the cult of the “descent of Maitreya Buddha” in later Yan period is used to expound how the idea of future Buddha was connected with revolutionary aspirations in China. In the end, Maitreya was dramatically altered from a world-renouncer in India to a world-conqueror in China. |
英文摘要 | 這篇文章以彌勒在中國的思想意義為例,探討了早期印度跟中國儒家思想在有關神聖秩序安排之展現風貌。透過比較參照,考察彌勒下生思想在印度和中國所表現出的一些細微差別之處及其意涵。 作者從早期印度思想談起。先以彌多羅婆樓那(Mitr□varu□au)這個相違複合亂(dva□dva)在梨俱吠陀和梵書時代的不同意涵為例,探究了神聖秩序在吠陀時期的演變情形。接著討論了在阿含中佛教思想對於宗教秩序與政治秩序之安排,而歸結出不同印度思想傳統在這上面之一些共同表徵。 轉到中國方面,作者以孟子為例,探究儒家革命思想裡面有關神聖秩序之相關論點,指出對政治序優先性之深信不疑乃為儒家思想重要特色之一。 作者最後以元末「彌勒出世」之社會思潮為本,論述了未來佛思想如何在中國變為積極介入之救世觀,因而使得彌勒成了君臨天下者之儒家關聯。文中指出彌勒跟儒家革命思想相結合一事,側是印度思想來到中國與其既有文化長期互動、而最後在期所突顯之關懷脈絡中轉化之具體表現。 |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。