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題名 | 翻譯者、作者與讀者的主體對照:走出民族誌表述危機--兼評簡美玲〈苗人古歌的記音與翻譯:歌師Sangt Jingb的手稿、知識與空間〉=The Subjective Comparison of Translator, Author and Reader: Out of the Representation Crisis in Ethnography--Review on Chien, Mei-ling's "Transcription and Translation of Hmub Antique Songs: A Song Master's Manuscript, Knowledge, Space and Landscape" |
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作者 | 何菊; He, Ju; |
期刊 | 臺灣人類學刊 |
出版日期 | 20141200 |
卷期 | 12:2 2014.12[民103.12] |
頁次 | 頁85-104 |
分類號 | 536.2 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 民族誌; 表述危機; 主客體對照; Ethnography; Crisis of representation; Subject; |
中文摘要 | 民族誌的「表述危機」是人類學的一種歷史困境。如果完全把「寫」 (表述)等同於純粹的「再現」,或者一味地自白式反思,會割裂人類學研 究中主體、客體、主客體關係三者之間的聯結。民族誌寫作方面的一些新探 索倘若能將上述三者有效地結合起來,在一部作品中完成對象研究,揭示研 究過程,探索研究者的知識準備和生產,還為讀者提供充分的參與空間,便 可以為走出人類學歷史困境作出一點貢獻。簡美玲的論文〈苗人古歌的記音 與翻譯:歌師Sangt Jingb的手稿、知識與空間〉的寫作便有著這樣的自覺意 識。她民族誌通過分析苗人古歌文本,解讀歌師生命史,以及闡釋在記錄、 翻譯和學習古歌過程中歌師和人類學家的互動,不僅討論了歌師對古歌的創 作,展示了人類學家製作民族誌的過程,也深入闡述了古歌、歌師、人類學 家三者之間形成的各種複雜關係,其開放性的寫作方式還向讀者提供了參與 民族誌研究的空間。因此,該論文的學術突破在於:簡美玲在一篇民族誌的 寫作中通過對應式地呈現文化翻譯者、民族誌作者、民族誌讀者的角色與關 係,既完成了對本地人、本地文化的分析,也反思了民族誌研究的背景與過 程,還為讀者進行民族誌的閱讀留有餘地,從而在解決主體、客體、主客體 關係三者之間聯結的問題上為走出民族誌表述危機進行了一種有力嘗試。可 見,在一部民族誌的寫作中同時完成「對對象的研究」、「對過程的研究」以及「對求知主體的整體性研究」,並使它們有機地結合起來,在此基礎上 進一步嘗試對民族誌敘事方式(傳統民族誌的全能視角和實驗民族誌的焦點 視角)的變革,有益於探索改變後現代人類學「破而未立」局面的有效路徑。 |
英文摘要 | It se ems to be a historic predicament that a“crisis of representation”in ethnography could occur in anthropology at all. If “writing”(representing)means purely“reproducing the Other,”or just having professional introspection, the relationships among and between subjects and objects will be severed in anthropology. These relationships might be effectively re-associated by some new exploratory writings in ethnography, which could not only study objects, reveal the process of research, and discover the background information and knowledge production of researchers, but could also offer the space for audience participation in ethnographic narratives. In doing so, they can make a contribution to escaping from the historic predicament in anthropology. Chien, Mei-ling’s article,“Transcription and Translation of Hmub Antique Songs: A Song Master’s Manuscript, Knowledge, Space and Landscape,”makes such an effort. It not only discusses the song master authoring antique songs and displays the process through which the anthropologist writes an ethnography, it also explains the relationships among antique songs, the song master and the anthropologist thoroughly. It also offers readers an opening to participate in the ethnography. Therefore, the theoretical breakthrough of this article is that in addition to analyzing the local culture, Dr. Chien Mei-ling also reflects on the context and process of ethnographic research. In doing so, she gives the audience the opportunity to critique the ethnography, by presenting and comparing the roles of cultural translator, ethnographic author and ethnographic reader, as well as the relationships among them, within a single article. As a result, it is a creative endeavor to make an organic and integral connection among and between subjects and objects emerge from the representational crisis of ethnography. As a consequence, it finds a way to escape the dilemma of postmodern anthropology. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。