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題名 | Are Structure or Agency Based Approach More Persuasive to the Study of Democratization﹖=民主化研究中結構取向及行為者取向研究途徑之爭論 |
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作者 | 黃國宬; Huang, Kuo-cheng; |
期刊 | 國家發展研究 |
出版日期 | 20030600 |
卷期 | 2:2 2003.06[民92.06] |
頁次 | 頁135-162 |
分類號 | 571.6 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 民主化; 民主轉型; 結構; 行為者; 途徑依賴; Democratization; Transition to democracy; Path-dependent; |
中文摘要 | 關於民主化研究的文獻可依其研究途徑區分為兩大陣營。「結構取向」的研究途徑強調有利於民主的先決條件,而「行為者取向」的研究途徑則關注於民主化過程中行為者之影響力。藉由探討其內在缺陷,本文認為,不論是結構取向或行為者取向之研究途徑,二者皆未能提出令人信服之解釋來說明民主化如何且為何會發生。 同時,本文也將指出,由淤此二研究派別彼此之間的一些誤解,導致二者皆對對方做出了一些有失公允的批評。為此,一些學者已試圖調解結構取向及行為者取向研究途徑之間的爭端。僅管此類理論整合的工作並不容易,但其中「途程依賴」的研究途徑仍不失為一個較為成功的嘗試。 |
英文摘要 | The existing literatures in the study of democratisation are dominated by two types of approaches. The structure-based approaches emphasize the importance of the requisites that are conducive to democracy; and the agency-based approaches focus on the role of political actors and the influences of their behaviors. By pointing out their intrinsic problems, this paper suggests that both types of approaches have failed to provide convincing explanations for the cause of democratization. This paper also argues that; because of the mutual misunderstandings, both the structure-based and agency-based approaches have made inappropriate criticism against each other. As a respond to this situation, some recent works had tried to reconcile the disputes between structure-based and agency-based approaches. This paper indicates that such efforts for striking a theoretical convergence have also confronted great difficulties. Nonetheless, the path-dependent approach, where the role of the actors is taken into account with the inspection on the structural constraints, is a relatively successful attempt. |
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