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題名 | 養殖石斑魚(Epinephelus spp.)虹彩樣病毒(iridovirus-like)感染症=An Outbreak of an Iridovirus-like Infection in Cultured Grouper(Epinephelus spp.)in Taiwan |
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作者 | 趙嘉本; 龐飛; Chao, Chia-ben; Pang, Victor-fei; |
期刊 | 中華民國獸醫學會雜誌 |
出版日期 | 19971000 |
卷期 | 23:5 1997.10[民86.10] |
頁次 | 頁411-422 |
分類號 | 439.5 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 石斑魚; 虹彩樣病毒; Grouper; Epinephelus spp.; Iridovirus-like; |
中文摘要 | 一種形態上類似虹彩病毒 (iridovirus-like) 的病毒, 在本省養殖的石斑魚 (Epinephelus spp.) 造成嚴重感染。疫程約一至二個月,體長二吋以下魚苗之感染率常達 100%,而致死率則高達 60% 以上。脾臟和前腎腫大達 2-10 倍。在脾、前腎、後腎、心、 肝及鰓有大量細胞質呈嗜鹼至嗜酸性、顆粒狀至均質樣且核偏於一邊的肥大細胞存在,這些 顆粒或均質樣嗜酸性胞質呈 PAS 染色呈陽性反應。電顯下該等細胞的胞質內充滿病毒顆粒 , 大小約 110-130nm(side-side) 至 140-170nm(apex-apex), 核衣 (nucleocapsid) 約 60-110 nm, 外膜與內膜間電子低密度區約 20-50nm。 這些肥大細胞的胞質以 acridine orange 及 Feulgen 染色具雙股 DNA 反應, 依據形態及染色特性, 判定該病毒屬於 Iridoviridae。另脾臟有類上皮細胞浸潤、淋巴和造血細胞減少及實質壞死;鰓部二級鰓薄 板上皮細胞剝離和增生、鰓薄板融合及微血管擴張,其內常塞滿肥大細胞;前腎造血細胞減 少及類上皮細胞浸潤。將過濾後之病魚脾、腎、肝及鰓乳劑,注射於健康魚肌肉或腹腔,或 將健康魚與病魚混養,皆可造成感染,並於感染魚之臟器中發現相同病灶及病原。 |
英文摘要 | Iridovirus-like infection resulted in high morbidity and mortality in cultured grouper (Epinephelus spp.) along with significantly economic losses in Taiwan. Death occurred gradually over one or two months from the onset of clinical signs. Fry and juvenile fish had a mortality rate above 60%. Affected fish only displayed blackening of the body sruface, breathing difficulity, and reduced feed intake; otherwise, no lesions were observed grossly. The spleen and head kidney were markedly swollened up to 2 to 10 times normal size. Histopathological examination revealed large numbers of plump, ballooning cells of variable sizes randomly distributed in the spleen, kidney, liver, heart, and gill. These ballooning cells had a large amount of granular basophilic to hyalinized eosinophilic cytoplasm with an eccentrically-located nucleus. Those cells with granular or hyalinized eosinophilic cytoplasm were positive with PAS stain. Ultrastructurally, hexagonal virions were found in the cytoplasm of these ballooning cells. The dimension of the virion was about 110-130 nm side to side and was about 140-170 nm apex to apex. Each virion contained an outer and inner membrane. The central electron-dense nucleocapsid and its surrounding electron translucent zone were 60-110 nm and 20-50 nm, respectively. The positive acridine orange stainability of the balloning cells suggested that the virus was possibly a DNA virus. The morphological and histochemical findings suggested that the virus might belong to the family of iridoviridae. In addition to the ballooning cells, changes including epithelioid macorphage and other mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration, reduction in lymphoid and haematopoietic components, and formation of suspicious basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were also observerd in the spleen. The gill filaments were congested with petechia at the acute and subacute stages, as the infection progressed, there were hyperplasia and exfoliation of the eithelial cells, fusion and capillary telangiectasia filled with ballooning cells in the secodary lamella. There was evident reduction th the haematopoietic component with prominent epithelioid amcrophage infiltration in the head kidney. The liver showed lobular disorganization. Intramuscular or intraperitoneal inoculation of a filtrate of the 10% spleen, head kidney, liver or gill homogenate of the infected fish in normal grouper induced similar lesions containing similar viral particles as those oberved in spontaneously infected fish. |
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