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題名 | 環境用藥之職業暴露及其健康效應=Health Effects from Occupational Exposure to Pesticides |
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作者 | 張筱玲; 李中一; 林瑞雄; Chang, Hsiao-ling; Li, Chung-yi; Lin, Ruey S.; |
期刊 | 中華職業醫學雜誌 |
出版日期 | 19970400 |
卷期 | 4:2 1997.04[民86.04] |
頁次 | 頁67-72 |
分類號 | 412.78 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 環境用藥; 病媒; 血液檢體; 乙酼膽鹼酯酶; Pesticide; Vector; Acetyl-cholinesterase; |
中文摘要 | 本研究採用斷代研究法,以臺北縣市的病媒防治業者為研究對象,自1994年2月至 5 月間收集到 9 家公司共 72 人的訪視問卷及血液檢體, 其中 22 人為行政人員, 另 50 人為現場噴灑人員。研究結果顯示:暴露組其自訴失眠及罹患慢性疾病的比例均顯著地較非 暴露組高, 且兩組人員血清中乙醯膽鹼酯�t之平均值具有統計上顯著的差異 (4508 U/L vs 6547 U/L,P<0.05)。若再將暴露組依噴灑作業人員抽血時間於噴灑作業結束後,48 小時以 上、24 ∼ 48 小時之間、和 24 小時內,細分為低、中、高暴露三組, 與非暴露組作比較 ,結果僅高暴露組其血清中乙醯膽鹼酯�t平均值顯著低於非暴露組 (2960 U/L vs 6547 U/L ,P<0.05),此差異在控制了抽煙和喝酒等因素後仍未改變。 本研究之發現可能是因為噴灑 作業者所配帶之呼吸防護設備設計未臻完善所造成的結果,或是噴灑作業者並未依規定正確 使用呼吸防護設備。本研究建議:病媒防治業者應落實防護設備之使用,並且在噴灑作業的 時間安排上, 宜採間歇方式 (至少間隔一天以上 ) 以避免噴灑作業人員血清中乙醯膽鹼酯 �t持續地過低。未來進一步之研究應著重探討長時期環境用藥之職業暴露是否會造成慢性的 健康危害。 |
英文摘要 | A cross-sectional study was carried out to explore the association of occupational exposure to pesticide with possible adverse health effects. A total of 72 workers from 9 vector-control companies located in Taipei metropolitan area consisted of the study subjects in the study, of which 22 were office workers and 50 were pesticide-sprayers. Face-to-face interviews were conducted for the collection of health related events. Blood samples of the study subjects were collected at the interview. The results showed that as compared to the office workers, the pesticide-sprayers were more frequently suffering from insomnia and chronic diseases as a whole. The results also indicate that the mean acetyl-cholinesterase concentration was significantly lower among pesticide-sprayers than that of office workers (4508 U/L vs 6547 U/L, P<0.05). We further compared the mean acetyl-cholinesterase contration for office workers with that for each of the three pesticide-sprayers groups with different time of blood sample collection, i.e.,<24 hr., 24-48 hr., and >48 hr. after the work, and found that the statistically significantly lower concentration of acetyl-cholinesterase was noticed only in workers interviewed at less than 24 hr. after work (2960 U/L vs 6547 U/L, P<0.05), which remained uchanged after adjustment for smoking and alcohol consumption. Our results may have implications that the design of respiratory protective devices have not been satisfactory, or they are satisfactory but have not been propoerly used, for protection against hazardous chemicals in pescide-spray workers. Additionally, our data may suggest that a time interval of more than 24 hours should be implemented to avoid workers from persistently low concentration of acetylcholinesterase. This present study also calls for further epidemiological studies of potential risks of chronic diseases posed by long-term occupational exposure to pesticide. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。