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題名 | Colonization Patterns of Aquatic Insects on Artificial Substrates: Effects of Substrate Sizes=底質大小對水棲昆蟲拓殖之影響 |
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作者 | 謝森和; 楊平世; Shieh, Sen-her; Yang, Ping-shih; |
期刊 | 中華昆蟲 |
出版日期 | 19990600 |
卷期 | 19:2 1999.06[民88.06] |
頁次 | 頁119-143 |
分類號 | 387.7 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 拓殖; 水棲昆蟲; 人工底質; 底質大小; 河流; Colonization; Aquatic insects; Artificial substrates; Substrate size; Streams; |
中文摘要 | 本研究之目的是探討兩種不同大小的人工底質(鵝卵石=64-128 、碎石=16-32 ),對水樓昆蟲拓殖的影響。試驗地點是位於景美溪的上游,從1991年3月14日到1991年4月 25日,人工底質分別被水樓昆蟲拓殖3、6、12、21、30、及42天。試驗結果顯示人工底質的 大小,只影響水棲昆蟲拓殖的總個體數,但並不影響種類數及岐異度,碎石的底質提供較多 的表面積,作為水棲昆蟲的棲地,因此有較多的個體數。Baetis spp.和Chironomidae是最 早的拓殖者,及個體數最多的種類,不論是在碎石或鵝卵石的底質,從拓殖的第6天到第42 天,它們的個體數超過總個體數的84%。在此試驗期間,Chironomidae在碎石及鵝卵石的底 質,分別佔整個水棲昆蟲相的36-65%及35-79%。依據功能攝食群內種類相關分析推測,生物 的交互作用對水棲昆蟲群落的發展,在鵝卵石比在碎石更為重要。然而,由洪水所造成的干 擾,也影響水棲昆蟲的拓殖型式,在鵝卵石比在碎石更為重要。然而,由洪水所造成的干擾 ,也影響水樓昆蟲的拓殖型式,特別是對碎石的底質影響尤大,洪水使得人工底質上的水棲 昆蟲群落結構,重新回復到早期的拓殖情形。另外,由指數常態分布模式,判別群落在拓殖 過程中的平衡程度,結果顯示在碎石的底質比在鵝卵石的底質,更符合此模式,亦即水棲昆 蟲在較不穩定的環境比在較穩定的環境,更易達到平衡狀態。 |
英文摘要 | Experiments on the colonization of artificial substrates by aquatic insects were conducted to test the effects of two different sizes of substrate (cobbles=64-128 mm and gravel=16-32 mm) in the upper Chingmei Stream, Taiwan. The artifical substrates were colonized by aquatic insects for periods of 3, 6, 12, 21, 30, and 42 d from 14 March to 25 April 1991. The substratum types influenced only the total number of individuals colonizing baskets. In general, aquatic insect taxa on the gravel substrate had greater daily colonization rates than did those on the cobble substrate. The gravel substrate provided more surface area for aquatic insects and supported more individuals. Baetis spp. and chironomid larvae were most abundant; they accounted for over 84% of the individuals from days 6 to 42 on both gravel and cobble. The chironomid larvae comprised 36-65% of the fauna on the gravel substrate and 35-79% of the fauna on the cobble substrate. The results of association analysis on the abundance of taxa pairs within the same functional feeding group showed that there were more taxa pairs with significant associations on the cobble than on the gravel, indicating that biological interactions might be important in determining the development of community on the cobble substrate. Disturbance caused by floods, occurring just after day 12, influenced the colonization patterns, especially on the gravel sustrte. It reset the artificial substrates back to earlier conditions. However, the results from lognormal distribution indicated that aquatic insect communities on the gravel substrate showed a higher degree of equilibrium than did those on the cobble substrate. The degree of equilibrium and the intensity of biological interactions appeared to be reflected in the stability of substrate which is related to the size of the substrate. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。