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題名 | 薜荔之榕果發育與生殖週期之觀察=A Observation on Syconia Development and Reproductive Cycle of Ficus Pumila L. var. Pumila |
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作者 | 何坤益; 呂福原; 歐辰雄; Ho, Kuen-yih; Lu, Fu-yuan; Ou, Chern-hiung; |
期刊 | 國立中興大學實驗林研究彙刊 |
出版日期 | 19980900 |
卷期 | 20:2 1998.09[民87.09] |
頁次 | 頁27-40 |
分類號 | 436.259 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 薜荔; 榕果; 生殖週期; 授粉生態; Ficus pumila L. var. pumila; Syconia; Reproductive cycle; Pollination ecology; |
中文摘要 | 本研究於臺中地區選擇薜荔(Ficus pumila var pumila)雌、雄樣株各三種,定期 觀察其榕果之發育與生殖週期,藉以探討其與榕果小蜂協同演化之關係,結果顯示:薜荔之 雌花、蟲癭花生殖組織初萌形態即有差異,尤其在花柱頂端分生組織明顯變化,此分化之差 異,配合其小蜂之形態、行為,致使雌花之雌蕊專適於花粉粒發芽及後續受精作用,使胚珠 順利發育成種子,而蟲癭花適於雌蜂產卵,成為小蜂繁衍生育場所。薜荔樣種之全年花季變 化,雄株一年三季,雌株則為一至三季,其雄花期與雌花期配合情形綿密,小蜂族群繁衍良 好,使得榕果無授粉不良之患。薜荔之花季雌雄株花間期具甚大區別,雌株三季花季之期間 差異並不大,而雄株之第一、二季較短,第三季最長達七個月,因越冬關係使得花間期延長 ,並延續小蜂族群。 |
英文摘要 | This is a study on the syconia development and reproductive cycle of Climbing fig (Ficus pumila L. var. pumila), as well as the life cycle of their pollinator wasps, Blastophaga pumilae Hill. Three of both male and female Climbing fig were selected from Tai-Chung seperatly as study plants. In addition, the development of fig crop and wasp life cycle were observed every other week. The results were summaized as follow. The anatomy of styles on female flowers and gall flowers showed difference even at their prefemale stage. Combining with the morphology analysis of fig wasp, this dffference resulted in the different shape of stigma. Those of gall flowers could be adapted for ovipositing, while those of female flowers could be for pollinating. There were three generation of synconia each year in the male plants of Climbing fig but 1 to 3 generations in their females. Good synchronization between B and D phase presented and few abortion of synconia were observed in Climbing fig. The third female interfloral phase lasted for 7 months and prolonged through winter. And based on the analysis of the association between the life cycle of fig wasps and the development of figs, their mutualist relationship and coevolution were discussed. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。