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題名 | 四歲幼兒利社會行為之研究:以一個幼稚園小班為例=Four-year-old's Prosocial Behavior: An Ethnography Study of a Kindergarten Classroom Experience |
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作者 | 李駱遜; | 書刊名 | 國教學報 |
卷期 | 12 2000.07[民89.07] |
頁次 | 頁307-338 |
分類號 | 173.1 |
關鍵詞 | 利社會行為; 同儕關係; 四歲幼兒; 幼稚園教師; Prosocial behaviors; Four-year-olds; Peer relation; Early childhood teacher; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 四歲幼兒在與同儕的互動中是否會表現利社會的行為?他們是如何表現的?透過現場觀察與訪談,本研究由一個國小附設幼稚園小班的師生及幼兒之間的互動中了解教室內的社會生活,由他們來說自己的故事,並由中探討幼兒利社會的認知、態度與行動。互動過程中產生哪些問題?如何解決?教師如何介入與教導? 研究結果發現四歲的幼兒在同情安慰、輪流分享、幫忙協助、友善親熱及持續性方面有不同的表現,而個人的經驗、外表、能力、個性等都會影響幼兒在利社會方面的有所為或有所不為。 另一方面,互動時的禮貌、為他人著想、尊重他人、原諒他人等項目因幼兒還多以自己的需求為優先考量下出現率較低,尚須由老師利用幼兒生活中的事例,給予隨機教導、示範、提醒或討論,傳遞利社會的價值觀,並解決問題。 最後,本研究期能在對幼兒的行為有進一步的了解後,開啟教師對幼兒間社會互動的重視,進而幫助幼兒由生活經驗中學習眾善當如何行,體會諸惡為何莫做的利社會價值觀,並付諸於實際的行動之中。 |
英文摘要 | The purpose of this study was to explore the social life in the kindergarten classroom on what four-year-old children act at their peer interactions and how they do it. Through observation and interviews, children were invited to tell their own stories to present their prosocial perceptions, attitudes, and actions. The results showed that young children were able to exhibit sympathy, comforting, sharing, turn-taking, and affection to their peers. However, their life experiences, capability, personality, and peer's appearance had great influence on their willingness to the final decisions. Politeness, perspective-taking, respect, and forgiveness were seldom presented in this study because children often put their immediate benefits at the first place. While guiding children learn prosocially, teachers admitted that they rarely included it into their daily activity plans. Nevertheless, they claimed to transmit the prosocial values and problem solving skills by couching, demonstrating, and discussing with children about the appropriate ways of peer interactions as soon as something occurred. After understanding young children's social actions, this study expects early childhood teachers to perceive positive peer interactions as essential for children's social development, then guide them to learn prosocial values and put them into daily actions. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。