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題 名 | 水田滲漏/側滲之數值模擬=Numerical Simulation of Water Percolation/Seepage in the Paddy Field |
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作 者 | 陳世楷; 劉振宇; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷 期 | 46:2 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁 次 | 頁1-23 |
分類號 | 434.287 |
關鍵詞 | 側滲; 入滲; 水田; 模擬; Seepage; Infiltration; Paddy field; Simulation; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 水稻田具有生產、生活及生態之三生公益功能,對環境保育貢獻極大,且因長期湛水灌溉為補注地下水重要來源。本研究利用位於田中之實驗水田區作為地下水數值模式探討影響入滲影響因子與模擬試驗田區之地下水入滲,側流及推估地下水有效補注量之依據。 一維垂直入滲模式SAWAH及三維數值模式FEMWATER經過現地觀測土壤水分張力及入滲量及之驗證後進行模擬,結果顯示牛踏層之有無為影響入滲率之主要因素,區域性水田入滲以垂向運動為主,約為側滲量之2-10倍,側滲則明顯發生於乾濕邊界區,約為垂向滲漏之10倍,側滲比例隨著乾濕邊界長度、水田湛水面積及初始土壤水分含量不同而改變,占整體入滲量之1-40%。研究成果除瞭解水田入滲至地下水之移動機制,垂直流與水平側向流動過程,並可以提供政府決策單位研擬水資源管理計劃所需,亦對其他從事相關研究提供完整之研究方法及步驟。 |
英文摘要 | Flooded paddy field exhibits productive, ecological and environmental multi-functions. Since the paddy field has periodically flooded with water, it becomes one of the major sources for groundwater recharge. The object of the study is to understand the detailed infiltration mechanisms in paddy field. The data of soil characteristics and hydraulic parameters from experiment are used for verifying the numerical models. Then, through the simulations to identify the affect factors of vertical percolation/lateral seepage processes and assess the amounts of groundwater recharge from paddy field. The one dimensional SAWAH and the three dimensional FEMWATER models are adopted to simulate and analyze the infiltration processes in a paddy of different dry/flooded and hydraulic conditions. The models are verified against the experimental data obtained from Ten-Chung. The results show that the plow sole is the major factor to decrease the infiltration rate. For regional flooded paddy field, the movement of infiltration water is mainly vertically downward in most area, The lateral movement is occurred at the dry/flooded boundary. The vertical recharge rate is 2-10 times higher than the horizontal movement of water for flooded to flooded paddy field boundary condition and 1/10 for the flooded to dry paddy field boundary condition. The amount of lateral seepage consists of 1%-40% of total infiltration and is controlled by the length of flooded to dry boundary, the area of flooded paddy field, and the different initial water content in flooded/dry paddies. It is suggested that the results can elucidate the mechanisms of water movement from the paddy field and understand the processes of the vertical and horizontal flow within the unsaturated region, and also can provide governmental agencies a scientific basis to promulgate policies concerning water resources management. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。